Mobilization and Immobilization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by Phomopsis sp. Isolated HM1
Main Article Content
Abstract
Phomopsis sp. isolated HM 1 was isolated from zinc-containing rocks (Hemimorphite). It was screened for the ability to solubilize and immobilize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs). Fungal strain was plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium, which was supplemented with various concentrations of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Phomopsis sp. isolated HM 1 showed the highest efficiency for solubilizing zinc oxide nanoparticles, producing clearing zone diameters more than 40 mm in 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% (w/v) of ZnONPs amended plates. Mycogenic crystals were observed in the agar medium underneath the fungal colonies of tested strain. The crystals were identified by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and were identified as zinc oxalate hydrate (C2O4Zn·2H2O). Therefore, it could be suggested that this fungal strain might has the potential application in agriculture and bioremediation practice of heavy metals contaminated soils.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Z. Shen, Z. Chen, Z. Hou, T. Li and X. Lu. Ecotoxicological effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on soil microorganisms, Frontiers of Environmental Science and Engineering 9 (2015), 912-918.
Y. Lui, L. He, P.L. Irwin, T. Jin and X. Shi. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of zinc oxide nanoparticles against Campylobacter jejuni, Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77 (2011), 2325-2331.
B.S. Sekhon. Nanotechnology in agri-food production: an overview, Journal of Nanotechnology, Science and Applications 72 (2014) 31–53.
G.M., Gadd, Microbial influence on metal mobility and application for bioremediation, Geoderma 122 (2004) 109-119.
M, Fomina, I.J. Alexander, J.V. Colpaert and G.M. Gadd. Solubilization of toxic metal mineral and metal tolerance of mycorrhizal fungi, Soil Biology and Biochemistry 37 (2005) 851-866.
J.A. Sayer, S.L. Raggett and G.M. Gadd. Solubilization of insoluble metal compounds by soil fungi: development of a screening method for solubilizing ability and metal tolerance, Mycological Research 8 (1995) 987-993.
H. Jacobs, G.P Boswell, F.A. Happer, K. Ritz, F.A. Davidson and G.M. Gadd. Solubilization of metal phosphate by Rhizoctonia solani, Mycological Research 106 (2002) 1468-1479.
M.V. Dutton and C.S. Evans. Oxalate production by fungi: its role pathogenicity and ecology in the soil environment, Canadian Journal of Microbiology 42 (1996) 881-895.
G.M. Gadd. Fungal production of citric and oxalic acid: Importance in metal speciation, physiology and biogeochemical processes, Advances in Microbial Physiology 41 (1999) 47-92.
J.A. Sayer and G.M. Gadd. Solubilization and transformation of insoluble metal compounds to insoluble metal oxalates by Aspergillus niger, Mycological Research 101 (1997) 653-661.
G.M. Gadd. Geomycology: biogeochemical transformations of rocks, minerals, metals and radionuclides by fungi, bioweathering and bioremediation, Mycological Research 111 (2007) 3-49.
O.A. Ademola. Bioaccumulation of arsenic by fungi, American Journal Environmental Science 5 (2009) 364-370.
T. Sutjaritvorakul, A.J.S. Whalley, S. Roengsumran and P. Sihanonth P. Solubilization and Accumulation of Insoluble Zinc and Lead Compounds by Fungi Isolated from Zinc Mine, Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 7 (2013) 1043-1046.
M. Yazdani, C.K. Yap, F. Abdullah and S.G. Tan, S. An in vitro study on the adsorption and uptake capacity of Zn by the bioremediator Trichoderma atroviride, Environment Asia 3 (2010) 53-59.
E. Joseph, S. Cario, A. Simon, M. Worl, R. Mazzeo, P. Junier and D. Job. Protection of metal artifacts with the formation of metal-oxalates complexes by Beauveria bassiana, Frontiers in Microbiology 2 (2012) 1-8.
G.M. Gadd. Metals, minerals and microbes: geomicrobiology and bioremediation, Microbiology 156 (2010) 609-643.
G.M. Gadd and A.J. Griffiths. Microorganism and heavy metal toxicity. Microbial Ecology 4 (1978) 303–317.
K. Bosecker. Bioleaching: metal solubilization by microorganisms, FEMS Microbiology Reviews 20 (1997) 591-604.
G.M. Gadd, Roles of microorganisms in the environmental fate of radionuclides, in J.V. Lake, G.R. Bock and G. Cardew (Eds.), Health Impacts of Large Releases of Radionuclides, Wiley, Chichester, 1997, 97-104.
T. Sutjaritvorakul, G.M. Gadd, A.J.S Whalley, K. Suntornvongsagul and P. Sihanonth. Zinc oxalate crystal formation by Aspergillus nomius, Geomicrobiology Journal 33 (2016) 289-293.
M.I. Gharieb, M.I Ali and A.A. El-Shoura. Tranformation of copper oxychloride fungicide into copper oxalate by tolerant fungi and the effect of nitrogen source on tolerance, Biodegradatio 15 (2004) 49-57.
M. Fomina, S. Hillier, J.M. Charnock, K. Melville, I.J. Alexander and G.M. Gadd. Role of oxalic acid overexcretion in transformations of toxic metal minerals by Beauveria caledonica, Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71 (2005) 371–381.