%% bare_jrnl_transmag.tex
%% V1.4b
%% 2015/08/26
%% by Michael Shell
%% see http://www.michaelshell.org/
%% for current contact information.
%%
%% This is a skeleton file demonstrating the use of IEEEtran.cls
%% (requires IEEEtran.cls version 1.8b or later) with an IEEE 
%% Transactions on Magnetics journal paper.
%%
%% Support sites:
%% http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/ieeetran/
%% http://www.ctan.org/pkg/ieeetran
%% and
%% http://www.ieee.org/

%%*************************************************************************
%% Legal Notice:
%% This code is offered as-is without any warranty either expressed or
%% implied; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
%% FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE! 
%% User assumes all risk.
%% In no event shall the IEEE or any contributor to this code be liable for
%% any damages or losses, including, but not limited to, incidental,
%% consequential, or any other damages, resulting from the use or misuse
%% of any information contained here.
%%
%% All comments are the opinions of their respective authors and are not
%% necessarily endorsed by the IEEE.
%%
%% This work is distributed under the LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL)
%% ( http://www.latex-project.org/ ) version 1.3, and may be freely used,
%% distributed and modified. A copy of the LPPL, version 1.3, is included
%% in the base LaTeX documentation of all distributions of LaTeX released
%% 2003/12/01 or later.
%% Retain all contribution notices and credits.
%% ** Modified files should be clearly indicated as such, including  **
%% ** renaming them and changing author support contact information. **
%%*************************************************************************

% EDITED By Asst.Prof.Nathaphan Meemuk

% *** Authors should verify (and, if needed, correct) their LaTeX system  ***
% *** with the testflow diagnostic prior to trusting their LaTeX platform ***
% *** with production work. The IEEE's font choices and paper sizes can   ***
% *** trigger bugs that do not appear when using other class files.       ***                          ***
% The testflow support page is at:
% http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/testflow/



\documentclass[journal,transmag]{IEEEtran}
\usepackage{float} % Use this in the preamble
% REQUIRED PACKAGES
\usepackage{graphicx}   % For including images
\usepackage{placeins}   % For \FloatBarrier
\usepackage{lipsum}     % For generating dummy text
\usepackage{hyperref}
%
% If IEEEtran.cls has not been installed into the LaTeX system files,
% manually specify the path to it like:
% \documentclass[journal]{../sty/IEEEtran}





% Some very useful LaTeX packages include:
% (uncomment the ones you want to load)


% *** MISC UTILITY PACKAGES ***
%
%\usepackage{ifpdf}
% Heiko Oberdiek's ifpdf.sty is very useful if you need conditional
% compilation based on whether the output is pdf or dvi.
% usage:
% \ifpdf
%   % pdf code
% \else
%   % dvi code
% \fi
% The latest version of ifpdf.sty can be obtained from:
% http://www.ctan.org/pkg/ifpdf
% Also, note that IEEEtran.cls V1.7 and later provides a builtin
% \ifCLASSINFOpdf conditional that works the same way.
% When switching from latex to pdflatex and vice-versa, the compiler may
% have to be run twice to clear warning/error messages.






% *** CITATION PACKAGES ***
%
%\usepackage{cite}
% cite.sty was written by Donald Arseneau
% V1.6 and later of IEEEtran pre-defines the format of the cite.sty package
% \cite{} output to follow that of the IEEE. Loading the cite package will
% result in citation numbers being automatically sorted and properly
% "compressed/ranged". e.g., [1], [9], [2], [7], [5], [6] without using
% cite.sty will become [1], [2], [5]--[7], [9] using cite.sty. cite.sty's
% \cite will automatically add leading space, if needed. Use cite.sty's
% noadjust option (cite.sty V3.8 and later) if you want to turn this off
% such as if a citation ever needs to be enclosed in parenthesis.
% cite.sty is already installed on most LaTeX systems. Be sure and use
% version 5.0 (2009-03-20) and later if using hyperref.sty.
% The latest version can be obtained at:
% http://www.ctan.org/pkg/cite
% The documentation is contained in the cite.sty file itself.





% *** GRAPHICS RELATED PACKAGES ***
%
\ifCLASSINFOpdf
  % \usepackage[pdftex]{graphicx}
  % declare the path(s) where your graphic files are
  % \graphicspath{{../pdf/}{../jpeg/}}
  % and their extensions so you won't have to specify these with
  % every instance of \includegraphics
  % \DeclareGraphicsExtensions{.pdf,.jpeg,.png}
\else
  % or other class option (dvipsone, dvipdf, if not using dvips). graphicx
  % will default to the driver specified in the system graphics.cfg if no
  % driver is specified.
  % \usepackage[dvips]{graphicx}
  % declare the path(s) where your graphic files are
  % \graphicspath{{../eps/}}
  % and their extensions so you won't have to specify these with
  % every instance of \includegraphics
  % \DeclareGraphicsExtensions{.eps}
\fi

\hyphenation{op-tical net-works semi-conduc-tor}


\begin{document}
%
% paper title
% Titles are generally capitalized except for words such as a, an, and, as,
% at, but, by, for, in, nor, of, on, or, the, to and up, which are usually
% not capitalized unless they are the first or last word of the title.
% Linebreaks \\ can be used within to get better formatting as desired.
% Do not put math or special symbols in the title.
\title{A Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework for Dynamic Traffic Signal Control in Smart Cities}



% author names and affiliations
\author{\IEEEauthorblockN{FirstName Surename\IEEEauthorrefmark{1*},
FirstName Surename\IEEEauthorrefmark{2},
and FirstName Surename\IEEEauthorrefmark{3}}
\IEEEauthorblockA{\IEEEauthorrefmark{1}Department of Science, Faculty of Engineering, Example University, City, Country}
\IEEEauthorblockA{\IEEEauthorrefmark{2}Department of Science, Faculty of Engineering, Example University, City, Country}
\IEEEauthorblockA{\IEEEauthorrefmark{3}Department of Science, Faculty of Engineering, Example University, City, Country}%
\thanks{\hrulefill\par Manuscript received Month XX, 20XX.; Revise: Month XX, 20XX; Accepted Month XX, 20XX; *Corresponding author: F. Surename (email: f.surename@example.com).}}


% The paper headers
\markboth{JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT INFORMATICS AND SMART TECHNOLOGY,~VOL.~XX,~NO.~X,~OCTOBER 20XX}%
{}
% The only time the second header will appear is for the odd numbered pages
% after the title page when using the twoside option.
% 
% *** Note that you probably will NOT want to include the author's ***
% *** name in the headers of peer review papers.                   ***
% You can use \ifCLASSOPTIONpeerreview for conditional compilation here if
% you desire.




% If you want to put a publisher's ID mark on the page you can do it like
% this:
%\IEEEpubid{0000--0000/00\$00.00~\copyright~2015 IEEE}
% Remember, if you use this you must call \IEEEpubidadjcol in the second
% column for its text to clear the IEEEpubid mark.



% use for special paper notices
%\IEEEspecialpapernotice{(Invited Paper)}


% for Transactions on Magnetics papers, we must declare the abstract and
% index terms PRIOR to the title within the \IEEEtitleabstractindextext
% IEEEtran command as these need to go into the title area created by
% \maketitle.
% As a general rule, do not put math, special symbols or citations
% in the abstract or keywords.
\IEEEtitleabstractindextext{%
\begin{abstract}
\textbf{\textit{Abstract---}}The abstract goes here.This paper details a demonstration of the IEEEtran.cls LaTeX class for the IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. Key features of the template are explored, and formatting instructions are provided to ensure compliance with journal standards. The results indicate that proper use of the class file simplifies manuscript preparation significantly.
\end{abstract}

% Note that keywords are not normally used for peerreview papers.
\begin{IEEEkeywords}
IEEE, IEEEtran, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, journal, \LaTeX, magnetics, paper, template.
\end{IEEEkeywords}}


% make the title area
\maketitle


% To allow for easy dual compilation without having to reenter the
% abstract/keywords data, the \IEEEtitleabstractindextext text will
% not be used in maketitle, but will appear (i.e., to be "transported")
% here as \IEEEdisplaynontitleabstractindextext when the compsoc 
% or transmag modes are not selected <OR> if conference mode is selected 
% - because all conference papers position the abstract like regular
% papers do.
\IEEEdisplaynontitleabstractindextext
% \IEEEdisplaynontitleabstractindextext has no effect when using
% compsoc or transmag under a non-conference mode.







% For peer review papers, you can put extra information on the cover
% page as needed:
% \ifCLASSOPTIONpeerreview
% \begin{center} \bfseries EDICS Category: 3-BBND \end{center}
% \fi
%
% For peerreview papers, this IEEEtran command inserts a page break and
% creates the second title. It will be ignored for other modes.
\IEEEpeerreviewmaketitle



%========================================================================
\section{Introduction}
%========================================================================
\IEEEPARstart{T}{his} document provides a comprehensive demonstration of creating a paper using the IEEEtran class. Proper formatting of citations is crucial for academic writing, as established in foundational guides like Kopka and Daly's work \cite{IEEEhowto:kopka}. This template is designed to simplify the process, ensuring that all elements, from the abstract to the final reference list, adhere to IEEE standards.


\subsection{Subsection Heading Here}
Subsection text here.

% needed in second column of first page if using \IEEEpubid
%\IEEEpubidadjcol

\subsubsection{Subsubsection Heading Here}
Subsubsection text here.


% An example of a floating figure using the graphicx package.
% Note that \label must occur AFTER (or within) \caption.
% For figures, \caption should occur after the \includegraphics.
% Note that IEEEtran v1.7 and later has special internal code that
% is designed to preserve the operation of \label within \caption
% even when the captionsoff option is in effect. However, because
% of issues like this, it may be the safest practice to put all your
% \label just after \caption rather than within \caption{}.
%
% Reminder: the "draftcls" or "draftclsnofoot", not "draft", class
% option should be used if it is desired that the figures are to be
% displayed while in draft mode.
%
%\begin{figure}[!t]
%\centering
%\includegraphics[width=2.5in]{myfigure}
% where an .eps filename suffix will be assumed under latex, 
% and a .pdf suffix will be assumed for pdflatex; or what has been declared
% via \DeclareGraphicsExtensions.
%\caption{Simulation results for the network.}
%\label{fig_sim}
%\end{figure}

% Note that the IEEE typically puts floats only at the top, even when this
% results in a large percentage of a column being occupied by floats.


% An example of a double column floating figure using two subfigures.
% (The subfig.sty package must be loaded for this to work.)
% The subfigure \label commands are set within each subfloat command,
% and the \label for the overall figure must come after \caption.
% \hfil is used as a separator to get equal spacing.
% Watch out that the combined width of all the subfigures on a 
% line do not exceed the text width or a line break will occur.
%
%\begin{figure*}[!t]
%\centering
%\subfloat[Case I]{\includegraphics[width=2.5in]{box}%
%\label{fig_first_case}}
%\hfil
%\subfloat[Case II]{\includegraphics[width=2.5in]{box}%
%\label{fig_second_case}}
%\caption{Simulation results for the network.}
%\label{fig_sim}
%\end{figure*}
%
% Note that often IEEE papers with subfigures do not employ subfigure
% captions (using the optional argument to \subfloat[]), but instead will
% reference/describe all of them (a), (b), etc., within the main caption.
% Be aware that for subfig.sty to generate the (a), (b), etc., subfigure
% labels, the optional argument to \subfloat must be present. If a
% subcaption is not desired, just leave its contents blank,
% e.g., \subfloat[].


% An example of a floating table. Note that, for IEEE style tables, the
% \caption command should come BEFORE the table and, given that table
% captions serve much like titles, are usually capitalized except for words
% such as a, an, and, as, at, but, by, for, in, nor, of, on, or, the, to
% and up, which are usually not capitalized unless they are the first or
% last word of the caption. Table text will default to \footnotesize as
% the IEEE normally uses this smaller font for tables.
% The \label must come after \caption as always.
%
%\begin{table}[!t]
%% increase table row spacing, adjust to taste
%\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
% if using array.sty, it might be a good idea to tweak the value of
% \extrarowheight as needed to properly center the text within the cells
%\caption{An Example of a Table}
%\label{table_example}
%\centering
%% Some packages, such as MDW tools, offer better commands for making tables
%% than the plain LaTeX2e tabular which is used here.
%\begin{tabular}{|c||c|}
%\hline
%One & Two\\
%\hline
%Three & Four\\
%\hline
%\end{tabular}
%\end{table}


% Note that the IEEE does not put floats in the very first column
% - or typically anywhere on the first page for that matter. Also,
% in-text middle ("here") positioning is typically not used, but it
% is allowed and encouraged for Computer Society conferences (but
% not Computer Society journals). Most IEEE journals/conferences use
% top floats exclusively. 
% Note that, LaTeX2e, unlike IEEE journals/conferences, places
% footnotes above bottom floats. This can be corrected via the
% \fnbelowfloat command of the stfloats package.



%========================================================================
\section{RELATED WORK}
%========================================================================
In the field of machine learning, significant research has been conducted on text processing. For instance, the work by Smith et al. on topic modeling has become a cornerstone for many modern natural language processing applications \cite{article:smith}. Their approach, which differs from earlier statistical methods, provides a more robust framework for analyzing large text corpora. Furthermore, online resources and datasets, such as those provided by major tech companies, have become invaluable for validating new algorithms \cite{web:google}. A thorough review of these primary sources \cite{article:smith, web:google} is essential before proposing a new methodology. 
\begin{figure*} % Two column figure (notice the starred environment)
	\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-image-a}
	\caption{Bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells in culture. Blue: nuclei; red: mitochondria; green: microfilaments. Computer generated image from a 3D model based on a confocal laser scanning microscopy using fluorescent marker dyes. Source: Heiti Paves, \href{https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fibroblastid.jpg}{https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fibroblastid.jpg}.}
	\label{fig:bpartery}
\end{figure*}

\lipsum[1-2] % Add dummy text
\FloatBarrier 
%========================================================================
\section{Methodology}
The Methodology goes here. \lipsum[3-4] % Add dummy text

%========================================================================
% THIS BARRIER IS CRITICAL - IT LOCKS THE ABOVE SECTIONS IN PLACE
%========================================================================
\FloatBarrier 

%========================================================================
\section{Result and Discussion}
%========================================================================
% ADD A REAL PARAGRAPH OF TEXT HERE TO ACT AS AN ANCHOR.
The results of our experiment are presented in this section. Table~\ref{table:ngram_performance} summarizes the key performance metrics, while Fig.~\ref{fig:tm_inference} illustrates the core inference structure of our model. 
\lipsum[5] % Add more dummy text to fill the section

% NOW DEFINE THE FLOATS WITH A MORE FLEXIBLE PLACEMENT SPECIFIER
\begin{figure}[!htbp]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=2.5in]{example-image-a} % Use a placeholder image
\caption{TM Inference Structure.}
\label{fig:tm_inference}
\end{figure}



More text after the floats to continue the discussion. \lipsum[6]

\begin{table}[!htbp]
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\caption{Performance Metrics for Spelling Error Type Classification}
\label{table:ngram_performance}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
\textbf{xx\_xx} & \textbf{xx} & \textbf{xx} & \textbf{xx}\\
\hline
X & XX & XX & XX\\
\hline
XX & XX & XX & XX\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

%========================================================================
% ADD A FINAL BARRIER BEFORE THE CONCLUSION
%========================================================================
\FloatBarrier 

%========================================================================
\section{Conclusion}
%========================================================================
The conclusion goes here. \lipsum[7]


% if have a single appendix:
%\appendix[Proof of the Zonklar Equations]
% or
%\appendix  % for no appendix heading
% do not use \section anymore after \appendix, only \section*
% is possibly needed

% use appendices with more than one appendix
% then use \section to start each appendix
% you must declare a \section before using any
% \subsection or using \label (\appendices by itself
% starts a section numbered zero.)
%


\appendices
\section{Proof of the First Zonklar Equation}
Appendix one text goes here.

% you can choose not to have a title for an appendix
% if you want by leaving the argument blank
\section{}
Appendix two text goes here.


% use section* for acknowledgment
\section*{Acknowledgment}


The authors would like to thank...


% Can use something like this to put references on a page
% by themselves when using endfloat and the captionsoff option.
\ifCLASSOPTIONcaptionsoff
  \newpage
\fi



% trigger a \newpage just before the given reference
% number - used to balance the columns on the last page
% adjust value as needed - may need to be readjusted if
% the document is modified later
%\IEEEtriggeratref{8}
% The "triggered" command can be changed if desired:
%\IEEEtriggercmd{\enlargethispage{-5in}}

% references section

% can use a bibliography generated by BibTeX as a .bbl file
% BibTeX documentation can be easily obtained at:
% http://mirror.ctan.org/biblio/bibtex/contrib/doc/
% The IEEEtran BibTeX style support page is at:
% http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/ieeetran/bibtex/
%\bibliographystyle{IEEEtran}
% argument is your BibTeX string definitions and bibliography database(s)
%\bibliography{IEEEabrv,../bib/paper}
%
% <OR> manually copy in the resultant .bbl file
% set second argument of \begin to the number of references
% (used to reserve space for the reference number labels box)


%========================================================================
% REFERENCES SECTION
%========================================================================
% Use the second argument of \begin to the number of references
% (used to reserve space for the reference number labels box)
% The \bibitem commands define the references. The text in curly braces is the citation key.
\begin{thebibliography}{9}

% REFERENCE 1: A Book
% This is the key you use in your text: \cite{IEEEhowto:kopka}
\bibitem{IEEEhowto:kopka}
H.~Kopka and P.~W. Daly, \emph{A Guide to \LaTeX}, 3rd~ed.\hskip 1em plus
  0.5em minus 0.4em\relax Harlow, England: Addison-Wesley, 1999.

% REFERENCE 2: A Journal Article
% This is the key for the article: \cite{article:smith}
\bibitem{article:smith}
J.~Smith, M.~Jones, and A.~Williams, ``A Novel Approach to Topic Modeling,'' \emph{Journal of Machine Learning Research}, vol.~15, no.~5, pp. 123--156, May 2014.

% REFERENCE 3: A Website or Online Resource
% This is the key for the website: \cite{web:google}
\bibitem{web:google}
Google, Inc. (2023, Jan. 10). \emph{Google Dataset Search}. [Online]. Available: https://datasetsearch.research.google.com/

\end{thebibliography}

% biography section
% 
% If you have an EPS/PDF photo (graphicx package needed) extra braces are
% needed around the contents of the optional argument to biography to prevent
% the LaTeX parser from getting confused when it sees the complicated
% \includegraphics command within an optional argument. (You could create
% your own custom macro containing the \includegraphics command to make things
% simpler here.)
%\begin{IEEEbiography}[{\includegraphics[width=1in,height=1.25in,clip,keepaspectratio]{mshell}}]{Michael Shell}
% or if you just want to reserve a space for a photo:

\begin{IEEEbiography}{Michael Shell}
Biography text here.
\end{IEEEbiography}

% if you will not have a photo at all:
\begin{IEEEbiographynophoto}{John Doe}
Biography text here.
\end{IEEEbiographynophoto}

% insert where needed to balance the two columns on the last page with
% biographies
%\newpage

\begin{IEEEbiographynophoto}{Jane Doe}
Biography text here.
\end{IEEEbiographynophoto}

% You can push biographies down or up by placing
% a \vfill before or after them. The appropriate
% use of \vfill depends on what kind of text is
% on the last page and whether or not the columns
% are being equalized.

%\vfill

% Can be used to pull up biographies so that the bottom of the last one
% is flush with the other column.
%\enlargethispage{-5in}



% that's all folks
\end{document}


